For a fair comparison you should at least use the same font and font size. Did you try that? It will still look different on windows, maybe better, but I think you can get pretty close. I use the “inter” font on debian xfce and it looks very clean (the font is probably in your repos as well).

Um actually… Opera and Edge weren’t always based on chromium!

Simple fix: Install firefox and never use a chromium based browser again. :-P