It’s image generation just like the prototypes that converted your drawings into “realistic” image are. It’s clearly completely redrawing the frame into a new one using the output of the game as a basis.

It’s not done 60+ times per second on phones. And I’m not even sure all this processing is done locally in the first place on Instagram and such.

It has support for Linux but developers need to enable it and it won’t act as a kernel level anti-cheat like on Windows.